Spectroscopic signatures of tetralayer graphene polytypes

TL;DR

This paper identifies spectroscopic signatures for different stacking configurations of tetralayer graphene, enabling non-invasive determination of its stacking order through ARPES, optical conductivity, and Raman spectra.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive spectral library for distinguishing tetralayer graphene polytypes, advancing non-invasive characterization methods.

Findings

Spectroscopic signatures vary with stacking configuration.

Spectral features in ARPES, optical conductivity, and Raman spectra are identified.

Library of spectral features aids in identifying stacking order.

Abstract

Tetralayer graphene has recently become a new addition to the family of few-layer graphene with versatile electronic properties. This material can be realised in three distinctive stacking configurations, for which we determine spectroscopic signatures in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), dynamical optical conductivity, and Raman spectra of inter-band excitations. The reported library of spectral features of tetralayer graphenes can be used for the non-invasive identification of the stacking order realised in a particular film.