Spatiotemporal Multiplexed Rydberg Receiver

TL;DR

This paper introduces a spatiotemporal multiplexing architecture for Rydberg atom-based electric field sensors, significantly increasing their response speed to enable error-free RF communication at rates over 100 Mbps.

Contribution

The paper proposes and validates a novel spatiotemporal multiplexing approach to enhance Rydberg sensor response times beyond previous limits, enabling high-speed RF communication.

Findings

Experimental validation of temporal multiplexing with pulsed laser.

Numerical model accurately predicts sensor performance.

Feasibility demonstrated for error-free 100 Mbps communication.

Abstract

Rydberg states of alkali atoms, where the outer valence electron is excited to high principal quantum numbers, have large electric dipole moments allowing them to be used as sensitive, wideband, electric field sensors. These sensors use electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to measure incident electric fields. The characteristic timescale necessary to establish EIT determines the effective speed at which the atoms respond to time-varying RF radiation. Previous studies have predicted that this EIT relaxation rate causes a performance roll-off in EIT-based sensors beginning at a less than 10 MHz RF data symbol rate. Here, we propose an architecture for increasing the response speed of Rydberg sensors to greater than 100 MHz, through spatio-temporal multiplexing (STM) of the probe laser. We present experimental results validating the architecture's temporal multiplexing component using a pulsed laser. We benchmark a numerical model of the sensor to this experimental data and use the model to predict the STM sensor's performance as an RF communications receiver. For an on-off keyed (OOK) waveform, we use the numerical model to predict bit-error-ratios (BERs) as a function of RF power and data rates demonstrating feasibility of error free communications up to 100 Mbps with an STM Rydberg sensor.