Topology of the landscape and dominant kinetic path for the thermodynamic phase transition of the charged Gauss-Bonnet AdS black holes

TL;DR

This paper explores the free energy landscape of five-dimensional charged Gauss-Bonnet AdS black holes, revealing how topography influences stability and phase transition pathways, including stochastic dynamics and kinetic mechanisms.

Contribution

It introduces a topological and dynamical analysis of black hole phase transitions on a free energy landscape, highlighting new insights into stability and transition pathways.

Findings

Black hole stability depends on landscape topography, not topology.

Dominant kinetic paths can bypass intermediate states.

Inhomogeneous diffusion affects transition mechanisms.

Abstract

We study the generalized free energy of the five dimensional charged Gauss-Bonnet AdS black holes in the grand canonical ensemble by treating the black hole radius and the charge as the order parameters. On the two dimensional free energy landscape, the lowest points in the basins represent the local stable black holes and the saddle point represents the unstable black hole. We show that black hole is the topological defect of gradient field of the landscape. The black hole stability is determined by the topography of the free energy landscape in terms of the basin depths and the barrier height between the basins and is not by the topology of the gradient field. In addition, we study the stochastic dynamics of the black hole phase transition and obtain the dominant kinetic path for the transition on the free energy landscape. Unlike the one dimensional landscape, the dominant kinetic path between the small and the large black hole state does not necessarily pass through the intermediate black hole state. Furthermore, the inhomogeneity in diffusions can lead to the switching from the coupled cooperative process of black hole phase transition to the decoupled sequential process, giving different kinetic mechanisms.