Generalized Maxwell-Juttner distribution for rotating spinning particle gas

TL;DR

This paper derives a generalized distribution function for a rotating relativistic gas of particles with spin, revealing polarization effects and chiral phenomena through statistical and thermodynamic analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a new distribution function for rotating spinning particles and analyzes their thermodynamics, highlighting polarization and chiral effects.

Findings

Majority of spins align with angular velocity

Polarization of spin degrees of freedom confirmed

Chiral effects are present in the rotating gas

Abstract

We consider a statistical mechanics and thermodynamics of a rotating ideal gas of classical relativistic particles with nonzero mass and spin. Applying the Gibbs theory of canonical ensembles for a system rotating with constant angular velocity, we obtain the one-particle distribution function by positions, momenta, and spin variables. By computing the partition function, we obtain various thermodynamic quantities of slowly rotating gas. Both the statistical and thermodynamic approaches demonstrate the polarization of spinning degree of freedom, with the majority of spins being directed along the angular velocity vector. This confirms the presence of chiral effects in the system.