TurboTLS: TLS connection establishment with 1 less round trip
Carlos Aguilar-Melchor, Thomas Bailleux, Jason Goertzen and, Adrien Guinet, David Joseph, Douglas Stebila

TL;DR
TurboTLS reduces TLS connection establishment latency by using UDP for initial handshake messages and overlapping it with TCP's three-way handshake, achieving faster connections with minimal changes to the protocol.
Contribution
This paper introduces TurboTLS, a novel method that combines UDP and TCP handshakes to reduce TLS connection setup time without altering TLS protocol contents.
Findings
Substantial latency improvements demonstrated in experiments
Effective elimination of one round trip on reliable connections
Low-cost fallback mechanism for unreliable networks
Abstract
We show how to establish TLS connections using one less round trip. In our approach, which we call TurboTLS, the initial client-to-server and server-to-client flows of the TLS handshake are sent over UDP rather than TCP. At the same time, in the same flights, the three-way TCP handshake is carried out. Once the TCP connection is established, the client and server can complete the final flight of the TLS handshake over the TCP connection and continue using it for application data. No changes are made to the contents of the TLS handshake protocol, only its delivery mechanism. We avoid problems with UDP fragmentation by using request-based fragmentation, in which the client sends in advance enough UDP requests to provide sufficient room for the server to fit its response with one response packet per request packet. Clients can detect which servers support this without an additional round…
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Taxonomy
TopicsNetwork Traffic and Congestion Control · IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security · Wireless Networks and Protocols
