A Systematic Literature Review of Human-Centered, Ethical, and Responsible AI

TL;DR

This systematic review analyzes 164 papers across leading conferences to map the current state of Human-Centered, Ethical, and Responsible AI research, highlighting focus areas and gaps in governance, fairness, and other societal implications.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive thematic mapping of HCER-AI research, identifying current emphases and gaps, and offers recommendations for diversifying future research directions.

Findings

Research heavily emphasizes governance and fairness.

Limited focus on privacy, security, and human flourishing.

Different conferences have distinct thematic focuses.

Abstract

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to advance rapidly, it becomes increasingly important to consider AI's ethical and societal implications. In this paper, we present a bottom-up mapping of the current state of research at the intersection of Human-Centered AI, Ethical, and Responsible AI (HCER-AI) by thematically reviewing and analyzing 164 research papers from leading conferences in ethical, social, and human factors of AI: AIES, CHI, CSCW, and FAccT. The ongoing research in HCER-AI places emphasis on governance, fairness, and explainability. These conferences, however, concentrate on specific themes rather than encompassing all aspects. While AIES has fewer papers on HCER-AI, it emphasizes governance and rarely publishes papers about privacy, security, and human flourishing. FAccT publishes more on governance and lacks papers on privacy, security, and human flourishing. CHI and CSCW, as more established conferences, have a broader research portfolio. We find that the current emphasis on governance and fairness in AI research may not adequately address the potential unforeseen and unknown implications of AI. Therefore, we recommend that future research should expand its scope and diversify resources to prepare for these potential consequences. This could involve exploring additional areas such as privacy, security, human flourishing, and explainability.