Scalarization of planar anti de Sitter charged black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar theory

TL;DR

This paper constructs and analyzes scalarized charged black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory with negative cosmological constant, exploring their stability, thermodynamics, and phase transitions, revealing a second order phase transition similar to superconductor transitions.

Contribution

It introduces scalarized planar charged AdS black holes in EMS theory, studying their stability, thermodynamics, and phase transition behavior for the first time.

Findings

Scalarized black holes are thermodynamically preferred over scalar-free solutions.

No evidence of instability was found for the scalarized black holes.

The phase transition between solutions is second order, resembling superconductor transitions.

Abstract

We construct scalarized planar charged black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar (EMS) theory with the presence of a negative cosmological constant. Domains of existence of black hole solutions are given in term of nonminimally coupling constant $\alpha$. Perturbative stability of a scalarized black hole is investigated by calculating its quasinormal modes. Thermodynamic properties of the scalarized planar solution are also discussed. We observe no evidence of instability of the scalarized black holes. Moreover, we find that scalarized planar charged AdS black holes are thermodynamically preferred over scalar-free solutions in grand canonical and canonical ensembles. The transition between scalar-free solutions and scalarized solutions is found to be the thermal second order phase transition. The transition of these solutions shares some similar features with conductor-superconductor phase transition.