Generation of Pseudo-Random Quantum States on Actual Quantum Processors

TL;DR

This paper presents an efficient method to generate pseudo-random quantum states with high entanglement, benchmarking actual quantum processors and highlighting the importance of qubit connectivity for entanglement quality.

Contribution

The paper introduces a new method for generating highly entangled pseudo-random quantum states and demonstrates its effectiveness on real quantum hardware.

Findings

Harmony outperforms ibm_lagos despite higher error rates due to better connectivity.

The method achieves near-maximal multipartite entanglement.

Qubit network architecture significantly impacts entanglement generation.

Abstract

The generation of a large amount of entanglement is a necessary condition for a quantum computer to achieve quantum advantage. In this paper, we propose a method to efficiently generate pseudo-random quantum states, for which the degree of multipartite entanglement is nearly maximal. We argue that the method is optimal, and use it to benchmark actual superconducting (IBM's ibm_lagos) and ion trap (IonQ's Harmony) quantum processors. Despite the fact that ibm_lagos has lower single-qubit and two-qubit error rates, the overall performance of Harmony is better thanks to low error rate in state preparation and measurement and to the all-to-all connectivity of qubits. Our result highlights the relevance of the qubits network architecture to generate highly entangled state.