Spectral analysis of spin noise in an optically spin-polarized stochastic Bloch equation driven by noisy magnetic fields

TL;DR

This paper derives an analytical spectral density for spin noise in an optically pumped system under noisy magnetic fields, revealing how different noise directions influence the spin dynamics and PSD.

Contribution

It provides a closed-form autocorrelation and PSD for a noisy Bloch equation, highlighting the effects of anisotropic magnetic noise on spin noise spectra.

Findings

Noise in the bias B-field direction does not affect autocorrelation.

Perpendicular noise dominates high-frequency PSD contributions.

Anisotropic transversal B-field noise causes a Larmor frequency shift.

Abstract

We provide a closed-form autocorrelation function and power spectral density (PSD) of the solution, along a prescribed probing direction, to a noisy version of an optically pumped Bloch equation wherein each component of the external magnetic field is subject to (possibly correlated) white noise. We conclude that, up to first order in the white noise covariance amplitudes, noise in the bias B-field direction does not affect the autocorrelation function. Moreover, the noise terms for the remaining two axes make different contributions to the magnetic noise-driven spin PSD; in particular, the contribution corresponding to noises perpendicular to the probing direction dominates at high frequencies. Some results concerning the second (and higher) order terms are given, and an effective Larmor frequency shift caused by anisotropic transversal B-field noises, towards the DC direction, is revealed. The analytic results are supported by Monte Carlo simulations employing the Euler-Maruyama method.