Uncertainty-Aware and Reliable Neural MIMO Receivers via Modular Bayesian Deep Learning

TL;DR

This paper introduces a modular Bayesian deep learning approach for neural MIMO receivers that enhances calibration and reliability, especially with limited data, by providing trustworthy uncertainty estimates for key tasks like equalization and decoding.

Contribution

It proposes a novel modular Bayesian deep learning framework for hybrid MIMO receivers, improving calibration and performance over traditional DNN modules.

Findings

Improved calibration of neural modules in MIMO receivers.

Enhanced performance in data-scarce scenarios.

Reliable uncertainty estimates lead to better decision-making.

Abstract

Deep learning is envisioned to play a key role in the design of future wireless receivers. A popular approach to design learning-aided receivers combines deep neural networks (DNNs) with traditional model-based receiver algorithms, realizing hybrid model-based data-driven architectures. Such architectures typically include multiple modules, each carrying out a different functionality dictated by the model-based receiver workflow. Conventionally trained DNN-based modules are known to produce poorly calibrated, typically overconfident, decisions. Consequently, incorrect decisions may propagate through the architecture without any indication of their insufficient accuracy. To address this problem, we present a novel combination of Bayesian deep learning with hybrid model-based data-driven architectures for wireless receiver design. The proposed methodology, referred to as modular Bayesian deep learning, is designed to yield calibrated modules, which in turn improves both accuracy and calibration of the overall receiver. We specialize this approach for two fundamental tasks in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) receivers - equalization and decoding. In the presence of scarce data, the ability of modular Bayesian deep learning to produce reliable uncertainty measures is consistently shown to directly translate into improved performance of the overall MIMO receiver chain.