LEX-EFT: The Light Exotics Effective Field Theory

TL;DR

The paper introduces LEX-EFT, a comprehensive framework for modeling interactions between the Standard Model and light exotic particles, enabling better collider phenomenology analysis beyond traditional BSM EFTs.

Contribution

It develops a systematic method for constructing gauge-invariant operators involving light exotics and demonstrates its application with a catalog of exotic scalars, extending the scope of effective field theories.

Findings

Created a catalog of exotic scalar operators coupling to SM gauge bosons.

Showed how charge flow influences EFT validity and collider cross sections.

Highlighted operators with exotic SU(2) charges affecting LHC phenomenology.

Abstract

We propose the creation of a Light Exotics Effective Field Theory (LEX-EFT) catalog. LEX-EFT is a generic framework to capture all interactions between the Standard Model (SM) and all (or at least a large class of) theoretically allowed exotic states beyond the Standard Model (bSM), indexed by their SM and bSM charges. These states are light enough to be on or nearly on shell in some collider processes. This framework, which subsumes beyond the Standard Model paradigms as generally as possible, is meant to extend recent successful implementations of bSM EFTs and complement e.g. the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), which can capture the off-shell effects of exotic fields. In this work, we review a general method for the construction of a complete list of gauge-invariant operators involving SM interactions with light exotics via iterative tensor product decomposition, up to the desired order in mass dimension. Each operator is characterized by specific Clebsch-Gordan coefficients determined by the charge flow; we show how this charge flow affects the range of EFT validity and cross sections associated with an effective operator. We create an example catalog of exotic scalars coupling to SM gauge boson pairs, and we highlight some operators with exotic weak $\mathrm{SU}(2)_{\text{L}}$ charges that can produce spectacular LHC phenomenology. We further demonstrate the utility of the LEX-EFT approach with several examples of effects on kinematic distributions and cross sections that would not be captured by EFTs agnostic to the exotic degrees of freedom and may evade the main inclusive collider searches tailored to the existing preferred set of standard bSM theories.