Dynamical nuclear polarization for dissipation-induced entanglement in NV centers

TL;DR

This paper proposes a method to generate entanglement between NV center qubits in diamond by creating a temperature gradient in surrounding nuclear spins using dynamical nuclear polarization, enabling dissipation-driven quantum correlations.

Contribution

It introduces a practical scheme combining dynamical nuclear polarization and superresolution microscopy to establish out-of-equilibrium conditions for entanglement in NV centers.

Findings

Theoretical predictions show high concurrence values for entanglement.

The scheme effectively utilizes temperature gradients in nuclear spin baths.

Promising experimental parameters are identified for implementation.

Abstract

We propose a practical implementation of a two-qubit entanglement engine which denotes a scheme to generate quantum correlations through purely dissipative processes. On a diamond platform, the electron spin transitions of two Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers play the role of artificial atoms (qubits), interacting through a dipole-dipole Hamiltonian. The surrounding Carbon-13 nuclear spins act as spin baths playing the role of thermal reservoirs at well-defined temperatures and exchanging heat through the NV center qubits. In our scheme, a key challenge is therefore to create a temperature gradient between two spin baths surrounding each NV center, for which we propose the exploit the recent progresses in dynamical nuclear polarization, combined with microscopy superresolution methods. We discuss how these techniques should allow us to initialize such a long lasting out-of-equilibrium polarization situation between them, effectively leading to suitable conditions to run the entanglement engine successfully. Within a quantum master equation approach, we make theoretical predictions using state-of-the-art values for experimental parameters. We obtain promising values for the concurrence, reaching theoretical maxima.