Perturbative Approach to Analog Hawking Radiation in dielectric media in subcritical regime

TL;DR

This paper develops a perturbative analytical method to study analog Hawking radiation in dielectric media within the subcritical regime, revealing thermal pair-creation phenomena linked to soliton backgrounds.

Contribution

It introduces a novel perturbative approach applicable to subcritical dielectric media, enabling analytical insights into Hawking radiation without assuming low dispersion effects.

Findings

Pair-creation occurs in soliton-like backgrounds.

The radiation exhibits thermal behavior governed by an effective temperature.

Results are consistent with the ${ ext{Hopfield}}$ model analysis.

Abstract

We take into account the subcritical case for dielectric media by exploiting an approximation allowing us to perform perturbative analytical calculations and still not implying low dispersive effects. We show that in the background of a specific soliton-like solution, pair-creation occurs and can display a thermal behaviour governed by an effective temperature. The robustness of the approach is also corroborated by the analysis of the $\phi\psi$-model related to the standard Hopfield model, for which analogous results are obtained.