Energy extraction from Janis-Newman-Winicour naked singularity

TL;DR

This paper investigates energy extraction mechanisms in rotating Janis-Newman-Winicour naked singularity spacetime, demonstrating a potential 60% efficiency despite the absence of a traditional ergoregion.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of an effective ergoregion in rotating JNW spacetime and analyzes energy extraction efficiency influenced by magnetic field, spin, and charge.

Findings

Effective ergoregion exists without a traditional ergoregion.

Energy extraction efficiency can reach around 60%.

Negative energy orbits are influenced by magnetic field, spin, and charge.

Abstract

In general, energy extraction methods such as the Penrose process and the magnetic Penrose process are thought to be reliant on the existence of an ergoregion. Inside an ergoregion, there are negative energy states that allow a particle to extract energy and escape to an observer at infinity. In this paper, we considered the electromagnetic field in the rotating Janis-Newman-Winicour (JNW) spacetime. This concept is feasible because an accretion disc forms an electromagnetic field around compact objects. After that, we briefly examine negative energy orbits and their significance in energy extraction. The ergoregion is absent in a rotating JNW geometry, but we show that the effective ergoregion is there. The change in a negative energy orbit concerning the magnetic field (B), spin parameter (a), and electric charge (Q) is analyzed. We find that the total energy extraction efficiency within this process can be around $60\%$ for the rotating JNW naked singularity.