Determining the ionization rates of interstellar neutral species using direct-sampling observations of their direct and indirect beams

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new method for determining interstellar neutral species ionization rates by direct sampling from two distant locations, reducing reliance on calibration-dependent measurements.

Contribution

It proposes a novel approach using flux ratios from two observation points, enhancing accuracy in ionization rate determination for interstellar neutral gases.

Findings

Identifies optimal observation geometries for implementation.

Suggests application on upcoming NASA mission.

Reduces dependence on EUV flux calibration.

Abstract

A good understanding of the ionization rates of neutral species in the heliosphere is important for studies of the heliosphere and planetary atmospheres. So far, the intensities of the ionization reactions have been studied based on observations of the contributing phenomena, such as the solar spectral flux in the EUV band and the flux of the solar wind protons, alpha particles, and electrons. The results strongly depend on absolute calibration of these measurements, which, especially for the EUV measurements, is challenging. Here, we propose a novel method of determining the ionization rate of neutral species based on direct sampling of interstellar neutral gas from two locations in space distant to each other. In particular, we suggest performing observations from the vicinity of Earth's orbit and using ratios of fluxes of ISN He for the direct and indirect orbits of interstellar atoms. We identify the most favorable conditions and observations geometries, suitable for implementation on the forthcoming NASA mission Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe.