The CMS inner Tracker Endcap PiXel upgrade

TL;DR

The paper presents the design, mechanics, and thermal analysis of the upgraded CMS inner Tracker Endcap PiXel (TEPX) detector for the HL-LHC, focusing on materials, cooling, and performance improvements.

Contribution

It introduces the new TEPX detector design, emphasizing mechanics and thermal performance using finite element analysis, tailored for high radiation and data rates at HL-LHC.

Findings

Enhanced thermal management with optimized cooling structures.

Material choices impact on thermal and mechanical stability.

Design ensures coverage up to |η| ≈ 4.0 with improved robustness.

Abstract

The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN is expected to collide protons at a center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV and to reach the unprecedented peak instantaneous luminosity of $7.5 \times 10^{34} \text{cm}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}$ with an average number of pileup vertices of 200. This will allow the ATLAS and CMS experiments to collect a data sample with an integrated luminosity up to $4000\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ during the project's lifetime. To adapt to these harsh conditions, the CMS detector will be substantially upgraded before starting the HL-LHC, a plan known as CMS Phase-2 upgrade. The entire CMS silicon pixel detector (IT) will be replaced and the new detector will feature increased radiation hardness, higher granularity and capability to handle higher data rate and longer trigger latency. The upgraded IT will be composed of a barrel part, TBPX, as well as small and large forward disks, TFPX and TEPX. The TEPX detector has four large disks on each end, extending the coverage up to $\lvert \eta \rvert \approx 4.0$. In TEPX, the modules are arranged in five concentric rings. In this contribution the new TEPX detector will be presented, with particular focus on the mechanics design and thermal performance, using finite element methods. Effects of the material choice for the cooling pipes and disk support structures connecting the modules with the CO$_2$ coolant are presented as well.