Twist-4 T-even proton TMDs in the light-front quark-diquark model

TL;DR

This paper investigates twist-4 T-even proton TMDs within the light-front quark-diquark model, deriving explicit expressions, calculating transverse momentum averages, and comparing results with other models to deepen understanding of proton structure.

Contribution

It provides the first explicit overlap form expressions for twist-4 T-even proton TMDs in the light-front quark-diquark model, including scalar and vector diquark cases, and explores their relations to leading twist TMDs.

Findings

Explicit expressions for twist-4 T-even TMDs derived.

Average transverse momenta calculated and tabulated.

Model relations between twist-4 and leading twist TMDs established.

Abstract

We have dealt with the twist-4 T-even transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions (TMDs) for the case of proton in the light-front quark-diquark model (LFQDM). By decoding the unintegrated quark-quark correlator for the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS), we have specifically obtained the overlap form for the unpolarized \bigg($f_{3}^{\nu}(x, {\bf p_\perp^2})$\bigg), longitudinally polarized \bigg($ g_{3L}^{\nu}(x, {\bf p_\perp^2}),~h_{3L}^{\perp\nu}(x, {\bf p_\perp^2})$\bigg) and transversely polarized \bigg( ${g}^{\nu }_{3T}(x, {\bf p_\perp^2}),~{h}^{\nu }_{3T}(x, {\bf p_\perp^2})$ and ${h}^{\nu\perp}_{3T}(x, {\bf p_\perp^2})$\bigg) proton TMDs. We have provided the explicit expressions for both the cases of the diquark being a scalar or a vector. Average transverse momenta and the average square transverse momenta for the TMDs have been calculated and the results have been tabulated with corresponding leading twist TMDs. In addition, the value of average transverse momentum and average square transverse momentum for TMD ${f}^{\nu }_3(x, {\bf p_\perp^2})$ has been compared with the available light-front constituent quark model (LFCQM) results. From TMDs, we have also obtained and discussed the transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs). The model relations of the twist-4 T-even TMDs with the available leading twist T-even TMDs have also been obtained.