Detection of gravitational waves in circular particle accelerators II. Response analysis and parameter estimation using synthetic data

TL;DR

This paper simulates a storage ring gravitational-wave observatory's response to millihertz GWs, analyzing its sensitivity, parameter estimation capabilities, and potential for source localization using synthetic data and MCMC methods.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed simulation of SRGO's response to GWs, including sensitivity analysis and parameter estimation techniques, highlighting its potential for GW detection and source localization.

Findings

SRGO can potentially localize GW sources in the sky.

Sensitivity curves and optimal parameters are identified.

Parameter estimation errors depend on noise and sampling rate.

Abstract

We simulate the response of a Storage Ring Gravitational-Wave Observatory (SRGO) to astrophysical millihertz (mHz) gravitational waves (GWs), numerically obtaining its sensitivity curve and optimal choices for some controllable experiment parameters. We also generate synthetic noisy GW data and use Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods to perform parameter estimation of the source properties and their degeneracies. We show that a single SRGO could potentially localize the GW source in the sky using Earth's rotation. We also study the source sky localization area, mass and distance estimation errors as functions of noise, data sampling rate, and observing time. Finally, we discuss, along with its implications, the capacity of an SRGO to detect and constrain the parameters of millihertz GW events.