Flow Distribution Analysis as A Probe of Nuclei Deformity

TL;DR

This paper analyzes how nuclear deformation affects flow harmonic distributions in heavy-ion collisions, introducing a modified distribution model that accurately captures deformation effects and proposing a method to measure flow in asymmetric nuclei.

Contribution

It introduces a higher-order correction to the flow distribution model for deformed nuclei and proposes a new way to measure flow in asymmetric nuclear collisions.

Findings

Modified flow distribution accurately describes quadrupole and octupole deformations.

Deformation effects can be analyzed through shifted radial distributions.

A method to measure $ar{v}_2$ in asymmetric nuclei collisions is proposed.

Abstract

We study the flow harmonic distribution in deformed nuclei. To do this, we use the standard Gram-Charlier method to find the higher-order correction to the well-known Bessel-Gaussian distribution. We find that, apart from the necessity of including a shift parameter $\bar v_n$, the modified flow distribution describes the flow distribution of quadrupole and octupole deformation accurately. Using the shifted radial distribution, arising from this method, we scrutinize the effect of deformation on flow distribution. Assuming a linear relation between observables of spherical and deformed collisions, $\mathcal{O}_D=\mathcal{O}_S+\left(\sum_{m=2}a_{k,m} \beta_m\right)^{2k}$, for events with a fixed centrality, we compare the flow distribution of deformed and spherical nuclei. We also propose a way to measure $\bar{v}_2$ in asymmetric nuclei collisions.