Special core tensors of multi-qubit states and the concurrency of three lines

TL;DR

This paper introduces a simple computational method using HOSVD and concurrency to classify multipartite quantum states into finite entanglement classes, focusing on three and four qubits.

Contribution

It proposes a novel approach leveraging HOSVD and concurrency to identify special core tensors and classify multi-qubit states into finite entanglement families.

Findings

Identified special core tensors for three and four qubits.

Classified states into families based on singular values.

Method scales well with larger multi-qubit systems.

Abstract

Classification of multipartite states aims to obtain a set of operationally useful and finite entanglement classes under the action of either local unitary (LU) or stochastic local operation and classical communication (SLOCC). In this work, we propose a computationally simple approach to find these classes by using higher order singular value decomposition (HOSVD) and the concurrency of three lines. Since HOSVD simultaneously diagonalizes the one-body reduced density matrices (RDM) of multipartite states, the core tensor of multipartite states is the pure-state representation of such simultaneously diagonalized one-body RDM. We identified the special core tensors of three and four qubits, which are also genuinely entangled by default. The special core tensors are further categorized into families of states based on their first $n$-mode singular values, $\sigma_1^{(i)2}$. The current proposal is limited to multi-qubit system, but it scales well with large multi-qubit systems and produces a finite number of families of states.