Continuous production for large quantity plasma activated water using multiple plasma device setup

TL;DR

This paper presents a scalable setup for continuous and batch production of plasma-activated water using multiple plasma devices, reducing environmental pollutants and enabling diverse applications in agriculture, food preservation, and microbial inactivation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel scalable multiple plasma device setup for continuous and batch PAW production, with integrated pollutant reduction and diverse application potential.

Findings

High reactive PAW produced in batch mode (2 liters).

Large volume low reactive PAW produced continuously (20 liters).

Pollutant gases are reduced by utilizing effluent gases in production.

Abstract

In the present work, a batch and continuous production of plasma-activated water (PAW) is reported. To produce PAW in a batch and continuous manner a multiple plasma device setup is used. The multiple plasma device consists of a series of plasma devices that are powered simultaneously to produce PAW. This multiple plasma device is powered by indigenously developed high-voltage high-frequency power supply. The air plasma generated in this multiple plasma device setup is electrically characterized and the produced radicals/species are identified using optical emission spectroscopy. The post-discharge effluent gases left after plasma-water exposure carries some environmental pollutants (NOx and O3, etc.). The batch and continuous PAW production setup utilizes effluent (pollutants) gases in production of large volume PAW. Hence, it substantially reduces the concentration of these pollutants in effluent gases which are released in environment. The batch process produces high reactive PAW with less volume (2 liters). Moreover, in a continuous process, a high volume (20 liters) with low reactivity of PAW is produced. The high reactive PAW and low reactive PAW are used for different applications. Inactivation of microbes (bacteria, fungi, viruses, and pests), food preservation, selective killing of cells, etc. is carried out using high reactive PAW whereas low reactive PAW has applications in seeds germination, plant growth, and as a nitrogen source for agriculture and aquaculture applications, etc. In addition, the batch and continuous PAW production setup designs are scalable, therefore, can be used in industries for PAW production.