Syntheses and evaluation of Fe$^{2+}$, Co$^{2+}$ and Ni$^{2+}$ complexes with derivatives of Vanillin-Tryptophan schiff base ligand

TL;DR

This study synthesized and characterized Fe$^{2+}$, Co$^{2+}$, and Ni$^{2+}$ complexes with a novel Vanillin-Tryptophan Schiff base ligand, revealing their structural, magnetic, and biological properties, including notable antimicrobial activities.

Contribution

It introduces a new ligand-based complex synthesis method and provides comprehensive characterization and biological activity evaluation of these complexes.

Findings

Complexes are non-electrolytic and octahedral in geometry.

Fe$^{2+}$ and Co$^{2+}$ complexes show strong antimicrobial activity.

Complexes exhibit high crystallinity and specific electronic transitions.

Abstract

This research focused on synthesis, characterization and determination of biological activities of Fe$^{2+}$ Co$^{2+}$ and Ni$^{2+}$ complexes of a novel L- Tryptophan-Vanillin Schiff base ligand. They were synthesized and characterized by determination of their Purity, Solubility, Elemental analyses using phase match XRD data, FT-IR spectra, Molar conductivities, Magnetic susceptibilities, PXRD and Biological activities. Results from the analyses revealed that, mpt of Schiff base ligand (SL)84 85 oC, Fe$^{2+}$ SL 245 - 246 oC, Co$^{2+}$-SL 271 - 272 oC while Ni$^{2+}$ - SL is >350 oC. Molar conductivities were found to be 10300, 5000, 17300 and 52900 Sm2 mol-1 for the Schiff base and the complexes respectively. It indicates that, the complexes are non-electrolytic in nature. Magnetic susceptibilities of the complexes found to be higher than the spin only values due to unpaired electrons (Fe$^{2+}$ = 5.73 B.M, Co$^{2+}$= 4.52 B.M while for Ni$^{2+}$ = 3.46 B.M, suggesting an octahedral geometry. Electronic absorption ({\lambda}max) for Fe$^{2+}$ = 480, Co$^{2+}$ = 520nm while Ni$^{2+}$ shows two bands at 480 and 570 which signifies, n-{\pi}* and {\pi}-{\pi}* transition respectively. Their crystallinity index was also assessed using xrd technique, it shows that complexes are 75, 80 and 85 % crystalline with average crystallite size of 21.63 nm. Antimicrobial test results revealed that, Co$^{2+}$ and Fe$^{2+}$ complexes have excellent activities against gram negative bacteria (E. coli, F. Shigella. and S. Typi).