Probing the longitudinal spin transfer via dihadron polarization correlations in unpolarized $e^+e^-$ and $pp$ collisions

TL;DR

This paper introduces dihadron polarization correlations as a new method to measure longitudinal spin transfer in unpolarized collisions, enabling experimental studies at existing facilities and offering insights into polarized gluon fragmentation.

Contribution

It proposes a novel observable for longitudinal spin transfer that does not require polarized fragmenting partons, broadening experimental possibilities.

Findings

Predictions made for Belle, RHIC, Tevatron, LHC experiments.

Potential to constrain gluon polarization fragmentation functions.

Experimental data can enhance understanding of spin transfer mechanisms.

Abstract

The longitudinal spin transfer represents the probability density of producing longitudinally polarized hadrons from longitudinally polarized quarks or circularly polarized gluons. It thus was usually measured in polarized reactions or high-energy collisions where weak interaction dominates. In this work, we propose the dihadron polarization correlation as a novel probe of this quantity. Such an observable does not require the fragmenting partons to be polarized and therefore can be measured in the currently available experimental facilities, such as Belle, RHIC, Tevatron, and the LHC. We make quantitative predictions for these experiments. In light of the data already harvested, the experimental investigation of this observable provides more opportunity for the quantitative study of the longitudinal spin transfer. In particular, the measurements in pp collisions can significantly constrain the fragmentation function of a circularly polarized gluon.