Null controllability of one-dimensional barotropic and non-barotropic linearized compressible Navier-Stokes system using one boundary control

TL;DR

This paper investigates the boundary null controllability of linearized 1D compressible Navier-Stokes equations for barotropic and non-barotropic fluids using a single boundary control, establishing controllability results and their sharpness.

Contribution

It proves null controllability at large time with a single boundary control acting on density or velocity, and shows the results are sharp and that approximate controllability is impossible.

Findings

Null controllability achieved at large time for density control.

Null controllability achieved at large time for velocity control.

Approximate controllability is impossible under certain conditions.

Abstract

In this article, we study boundary null controllability properties of the linearized compressible Navier-Stokes equations in the interval $(0,2\pi)$ for both barotropic and non-barotropic fluids using only one boundary control. We consider all the possible cases of the act of control for both systems (density, velocity and temperature). These controls are acting on the boundary and are given as the difference of the values at $x=0$ and $x=2\pi$. In this setup, using a boundary control acting in density, we first prove null controllability of both the barotropic and non-barotropic systems at large time in the spaces $(\dot{L}^2(0,2\pi))^2$ and $(\dot{L}^2(0,2\pi))^3$ respectively (where the dot represents functions with mean value zero). When the control is acting in the velocity component, we prove null controllability at large time in the spaces $\dot{H}^1_{\text{per}}(0,2\pi)\times\dot{L}^2(0,2\pi)$ and $\dot{H}^1_{\text{per}}(0,2\pi)\times(\dot{L}^2(0,2\pi))^2$ respectively. Further, in both cases, we prove that these null controllability results are sharp with respect to the regularity of the initial states in velocity/ temperature case, and time in the density case. Finally, for both barotropic and non-barotropic fluids, we prove that, under some assumptions, the system cannot be approximately controllable at any time, whether there is a control acting in density, velocity or temperature.