Deciphering Core, Valence and Double-Core-Polarization Contributions to Parity Violating Amplitudes in $^{133}$Cs using Different Methods

TL;DR

This paper critically compares various many-body computational methods for calculating parity-violating amplitudes in cesium-133, identifying causes of discrepancies and proposing ways to improve accuracy in these complex atomic calculations.

Contribution

It systematically analyzes the differences among many-body methods and their treatment of electron correlations, clarifying sign discrepancies and enhancing understanding of $E1_{PV}$ calculations.

Findings

Identified causes of sign discrepancies in core correlation contributions.

Demonstrated the impact of double-core polarization effects.

Provided guidance for improving $E1_{PV}$ calculations.

Abstract

This work examines the accuracy of different many-body methods for the calculations of parity violating electric dipole ($E1_{\text{PV}}$) amplitudes in atomic systems. In the last decade many different groups claim to achieve its accuracy below 0.5\%, for the $6s ~ ^2S_{1/2} \rightarrow 7s ~ ^2S_{1/2} $ transition in $^{133}$Cs atom. One of the major issues in these calculations is the opposite signs among the core correlation contribution from different works. To estimate $E1_{\text{PV}}$ of the above transition, various groups have used different many-body methods both in the linear response and sum-over-states approaches. By examining how these methods capture various electron correlation effects, we identify the underlying cause of sign discrepancies in the previously reported results. We also demonstrate how the double-core polarisation effects and scaled wave functions influence estimation of the $E1_{\text{PV}}$ amplitudes. The comprehensive discussions provided in this work will not only aid in our understanding on the potentials of the employed many-body methods but it will also serves as a road map for improving the $E1_{\text{PV}}$ calculation in the atomic systems further.