Asteroids' reflectance from Gaia DR3: Artificial reddening at near-UV wavelengths

TL;DR

This study evaluates and corrects the near-ultraviolet reflectance spectra of asteroids from Gaia DR3 by addressing the artificial reddening caused by the selected solar analogues, improving spectral comparisons.

Contribution

It identifies systematic biases in Gaia DR3 asteroid spectra at near-UV wavelengths and proposes a correction method to improve spectral accuracy.

Findings

Solar analogues in Gaia DR3 are redder than Hyades 64 below 0.55 μm.

No correction needed for wavelengths 0.7-1 μm (RP).

Applying correction below 0.55 μm improves spectral agreement.

Abstract

Aims. We aim to assess the suitability in the near-ultraviolet (NUV) region of the solar analogues selected by the team responsible for the asteroid reflectance included in Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) and to suggest a correction (in the form of multiplicative factors) to be applied to the Gaia DR3 asteroid reflectance spectra to account for the differences with respect to the solar analogue Hyades 64. Results. We find that the solar analogues selected for Gaia DR3 to compute the reflectance spectra of the asteroids of this data release have a systematically redder spectral slope at wavelengths shorter than 0.55 {\mu}m than Hyades 64. We find that no correction is needed in the red photometer (RP, between 0.7 and 1 {\mu}m), but a correction should be applied at wavelengths below 0.55 {\mu}m, that is in the blue photometer (BP). After applying the correction, we find a better agreement between Gaia DR3 spectra, ECAS, HST, and our set of ground-based observations with the TNG. Conclusions. Correcting the near-UV part of the asteroid reflectance spectra is very important for proper comparisons with laboratory spectra (minerals, meteorite samples, etc.) or to analyse quantitatively the UV absorption (which is particularly important to study hydration in primitive asteroids). The spectral behaviour at wavelengths below 0.5 {\mu}m of the selected solar analogues should be fully studied and taken into account for Gaia DR4