Developing a single phase liquid argon detector with SiPM readout

TL;DR

This paper presents the development of a single-phase liquid argon detector with SiPM readout, achieving a high light yield and providing methods to evaluate SiPM effects, advancing detector technology for dark matter and neutrino experiments.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel single-phase liquid argon detector using SiPM arrays and an experimental method to estimate SiPM crosstalk and afterpulse effects.

Findings

Measured light yield of 25.7 ± 1.6 p.e./keV

Established relationship between light yield and decay time

Provided a method to evaluate SiPM effects using dark noise data

Abstract

Liquid argon is used as a target material in several current and planned experiments related to dark matter direct searching and neutrino detection. SiPM is becoming the standard for scintillator detectors because of its advantages over traditional PMT. In this paper, we developed a single-phase liquid argon detector using eight 1 $\times$1 inch$^2$ Hamamatsu S14161-6050HS 4$\times$4 SiPM arrays. The directly measured light yield is 25.7 $\pm$ 1.6 photo-electrons per keV, which corresponds to 12.8 $\pm$ 0.8 photo-electrons primarily generated by the argon scintillation. The rest is contributed by the cross-talk and after-pulse of SiPM. In addition, we provide an experimental method to estimate the effect of crosstalk and afterpulse on light yield using dark noise data. Finally, we quantitatively give the relationship between the light yield and the decay time of the slow component of a liquid argon detector.