The gravitational form factors of the electron in quantum electrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper computes the gravitational form factors of the electron in quantum electrodynamics at one loop, revealing details about its internal energy, angular momentum, and mass distribution, with divergences handled via renormalization.

Contribution

It provides a detailed calculation of the electron's gravitational form factors in QED, including divergence treatment and comparison with previous results, advancing understanding of electron structure.

Findings

Form factors encode electron's energy and angular momentum distribution.

Results include electron's mass radius information.

Divergences are properly regularized and renormalized.

Abstract

We calculate the gravitational form factors of the electron at one loop in quantum electrodynamics, decomposing these into contributions from the electron and photon parts of the energy-momentum tensor. Ultraviolet divergences are removed through renormalization in the $\overline{\text{MS}}$ scheme. Infrared divergences are isolated and results are given in both dimensional regularization and photon-mass regularization. The form factors contain information about the electron's energy and angular momentum structure in QED, as well as its mass radius. Whenever possible, we compare our results with the existing literature.