Intermittent relaxation and avalanches in extremely persistent active matter

TL;DR

This study uses simulations to explore how dense active particle systems with very high persistence times relax intermittently through elastic and plastic events, revealing similarities to sheared amorphous solids.

Contribution

It introduces an efficient numerical method to analyze relaxation events in highly persistent active matter, highlighting emergent facilitation and heterogeneity in dynamics.

Findings

System relaxes via scale-free elastic events

Plastic events are broadly distributed and system-size dependent

Dynamics resemble sheared amorphous solids with key differences

Abstract

We use numerical simulations to study the dynamics of dense assemblies of self-propelled particles in the limit of extremely large, but finite, persistence times. In this limit, the system evolves intermittently between mechanical equilibria where active forces balance interparticle interactions. We develop an efficient numerical strategy allowing us to resolve the statistical properties of elastic and plastic relaxation events caused by activity-driven fluctuations. The system relaxes via a succession of scale-free elastic events and broadly distributed plastic events that both depend on the system size. Correlations between plastic events lead to emergent dynamic facilitation and heterogeneous relaxation dynamics. Our results show that dynamical behaviour in extremely persistent active systems is qualitatively similar to that of sheared amorphous solids, yet with some important differences.