Stellar Coronal Mass Ejections

TL;DR

This paper reviews the current methods for detecting stellar coronal mass ejections (CMEs), their limitations, and discusses future research directions, highlighting the importance of CMEs for stellar evolution and exoplanetary atmospheres.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive review of detection methodologies for stellar CMEs, emphasizing current challenges and future prospects in the field.

Findings

Various detection techniques have been developed with differing success rates.

Limitations include observational constraints and ambiguous signatures.

Future advancements may improve detection and understanding of stellar CMEs.

Abstract

Stellar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are a growing research field, especially during the past decade. The large number of so far detected exoplanets raises the open question for the CME activity of stars, as CMEs may strongly affect exoplanetary atmospheres. In addition, as CMEs contribute to stellar mass- and angular momentum loss and are therefore relevant for stellar evolution, there is need for a better characterization of this phenomenon. In this article we review the different methodologies used up to now to attempt the detection of stellar CMEs. We discuss the limitations of the different methodologies and conclude with possible future perspectives of this research field.