Overview of the Observing System and Initial Scientific Accomplishments of the East Asian VLBI Network (EAVN)

TL;DR

The paper reviews the East Asian VLBI Network's infrastructure, capabilities, and scientific achievements, highlighting its role in high-resolution astronomical observations and its potential for global collaboration.

Contribution

It provides an overview of EAVN's technical setup, operational history, scientific accomplishments, and plans for global VLBI integration.

Findings

EAVN has 16 telescopes across China, Japan, and Korea.

It achieves up to 0.28 milliarcseconds resolution at 43 GHz.

EAVN has contributed to studies of active galactic nuclei, stars, and star-forming regions.

Abstract

The East Asian VLBI Network (EAVN) is an international VLBI facility in East Asia and is operated under mutual collaboration between East Asian countries, as well as part of Southeast Asian and European countries. EAVN currently consists of 16 radio telescopes and three correlators located in China, Japan, and Korea, and is operated mainly at three frequency bands, 6.7, 22, and 43 GHz with the longest baseline length of 5078 km, resulting in the highest angular resolution of 0.28 milliarcseconds at 43 GHz. One of distinct capabilities of EAVN is multi-frequency simultaneous data reception at nine telescopes, which enable us to employ the frequency phase transfer technique to obtain better sensitivity at higher observing frequencies. EAVN started its open-use program in the second half of 2018, providing a total observing time of more than 1100 hours in a year. EAVN fills geographical gap in global VLBI array, resulting in enabling us to conduct contiguous high-resolution VLBI observations. EAVN has produced various scientific accomplishments especially in observations toward active galactic nuclei, evolved stars, and star-forming regions. These activities motivate us to initiate launch of the 'Global VLBI Alliance' to provide an opportunity of VLBI observation with the longest baselines on the earth.