Slowly rotating quantum dust cores and black holes

TL;DR

This paper investigates how slow rotation affects the quantum states of dust cores that can form black holes, showing quantization of angular momentum and horizon area, and identifying conditions for regular rotating objects.

Contribution

It introduces a perturbative model for slowly rotating quantum dust cores, demonstrating quantized angular momentum and horizon area, and exploring conditions for regular rotating objects.

Findings

Angular momentum and horizon area are quantized in Planck units.

Ground states can spin fast enough to be regular rotating objects.

The model applies perturbation theory to slow rotation scenarios.

Abstract

We study the effect of rotation on the spectrum of bound states for dust cores that source (quantum) black holes found in Eur. Phys. J. C 82 (2022) 10. The dust ball is assumed to spin rigidly with sufficiently slow angular velocity that perturbation theory can be applied. Like the total mass, the total angular momentum is shown to be quantised in Planck units, hence so is the horizon area. For sufficiently small fraction of mass in the outermost layer, the model admits ground states which can spin fast enough within the perturbative regime so as to describe regular rotating objects rather than black holes.