3-D mesh compensated wavelet lifting for 3-D+t medical CT data

TL;DR

This paper introduces a 3-D mesh-based wavelet lifting method for medical CT data that improves lowpass band quality and reduces data size by compensating for tissue deformation in 3-D+t volumes.

Contribution

It extends 2-D mesh compensation to 3-D, achieving higher quality and more efficient lossless coding for medical CT data.

Findings

3-D mesh improves lowpass band quality by 0.28 dB.

3-D mesh uses less than 40% of model parameters compared to 2-D.

Lossless coding with 3-D mesh reduces data by about 6%.

Abstract

For scalable coding, a high quality of the lowpass band of a wavelet transform is crucial when it is used as a downscaled version of the original signal. However, blur and motion can lead to disturbing artifacts. By incorporating feasible compensation methods directly into the wavelet transform, the quality of the lowpass band can be improved. The displacement in dynamic medical 3-D+t volumes from Computed Tomography is mainly given by expansion and compression of tissue over time and can be modeled well by mesh-based methods. We extend a 2-D mesh-based compensation method to three dimensions to obtain a volume compensation method that can additionally compensate deforming displacements in the third dimension. We show that a 3-D mesh can obtain a higher quality of the lowpass band by 0.28 dB with less than 40% of the model parameters of a comparable 2-D mesh. Results from lossless coding with JPEG 2000 3D and SPECK3D show that the compensated subbands using a 3-D mesh need about 6% less data compared to using a 2-D mesh.