Photonic Radar for Contactless Vital Sign Detection

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel photonic radar system capable of contactless, high-resolution vital sign detection, overcoming limitations of traditional contact sensors and camera-based methods, with potential for enhanced medical monitoring.

Contribution

The work demonstrates the first use of photonic radar for non-contact vital sign detection, achieving millimeter resolution and integrating LiDAR for improved accuracy and resilience.

Findings

Achieved millimeter range resolution with 30 GHz bandwidth radar.

Successfully detected respiratory signals from human proxies.

Showcased sensor fusion of radar and LiDAR for enhanced sensing.

Abstract

Vital sign detection is used across ubiquitous scenarios in medical and health settings. Contact and wearable sensors have been widely deployed. However, they are unsuitable for patients with burn wounds or infants with insufficient attaching areas. Contactless detection can be achieved using camera imaging, but it is susceptible to ambient light conditions and creates privacy concerns. Here, we report the first demonstration of a photonic radar for non-contact vital signal detection to overcome these challenges. This photonic radar can achieve millimeter range resolution based on synthesized radar signals with a bandwidth of up to 30 GHz. The high resolution of the radar system enables accurate respiratory detection from breathing simulators and a cane toad as a human proxy. Moreover, we demonstrated that the optical signals generated from the proposed system can enable vital sign detection based on light detection and ranging (LiDAR). This demonstration reveals the potential of a sensor-fusion architecture that can combine the complementary features of radar and LiDAR for improved sensing accuracy and system resilience. The work provides a novel technical basis for contactless, high-resolution, and high-privacy vital sign detection to meet the increasing demands in future medical and healthcare applications.