I Will Survive: An Online Conformance Checking Algorithm Using Decay Time

TL;DR

This paper presents IWS, a novel approximate online conformance checking algorithm that leverages decay time and trie data structures to significantly improve speed and memory efficiency over existing methods in process mining.

Contribution

The paper introduces the IWS algorithm, combining decay time and trie structures for fast, memory-efficient online conformance checking with event-by-event alignment capabilities.

Findings

IWS achieves up to three orders of magnitude faster execution than current methods.

The algorithm maintains low error costs while significantly reducing computation time.

IWS is effective in high-traffic, real-time process monitoring scenarios.

Abstract

Process executions in organizations generate a large variety of data. Process mining is a data-driven analytical approach for analyzing this data from a business process point of view. Online conformance checking deals with finding discrepancies between real-life and modeled process behavior on data streams. The current state-of-the-art output of online conformance checking is a prefix-alignment, which is used for pinpointing the exact deviations in terms of the trace and the model while accommodating a trace's unknown termination in a streaming setting. However, producing prefix-alignments entails a state space search to find the shortest path from a common start state to a common end state between the trace and the model. This is computationally expensive and makes the method infeasible in an online setting. Previously, the trie data structure has been shown to be efficient for constructing alignments, utilizing a proxy log representing the process model in a finite way. This paper introduces a new approximate algorithm (IWS) on top of the trie for online conformance checking. The algorithm is shown to be fast, memory-efficient, and able to output both a prefix and a complete alignment event-by-event while keeping track of previously seen cases and their state. Comparative analysis against the current state-of-the-art algorithm for finding prefix-alignments shows that the IWS algorithm achieves, in some cases, an order of magnitude faster execution time while having a smaller error cost. In extreme cases, the IWS finds prefix-alignments roughly three orders of magnitude faster than the current state of the art. The IWS algorithm includes a discounted decay time setting for efficient memory usage and a look-ahead limit for improving computation time. Finally, the algorithm is stress tested for performance using a simulation of high-traffic event streams.