Superradiance of massive scalar particles around rotating regular black holes

TL;DR

This paper investigates superradiance phenomena around rotating regular black holes, analyzing how regularization parameters influence instability growth and energy extraction efficiency for scalar particles.

Contribution

It provides analytical calculations of superradiance effects for rotating regular black holes, specifically the Hayward and Bardeen models, highlighting the impact of regularization parameters.

Findings

Two superradiance instability modes identified.

Four energy extraction modes observed.

Regularization parameters significantly affect superradiance behavior.

Abstract

Regular black holes, as an important attempt to eliminate the singularities in general relativity, have been widely concerned. Due to the fact that the superradiance associated with rotating regular black holes plays an indispensable role in black hole physics, we calculate the superradiance related effects, i.e., the superradiance instability and the energy extraction efficiency for a scalar particle with a small mass around a rotating regular black hole, where the rotating regular black hole is constructed by the modified Newman-Janis algorithm. We analytically give the eigenfrequency associated with instability and the amplification factor associated with energy extraction. For two specific models, the rotating Hayward and Bardeen black holes, we investigate how their regularization parameters affect the growth of instability and the efficiency of energy extraction from the two rotating regular black holes. We find that the regularization parameters give rise to different modes on the superradiance instability and the energy extraction when the rotation parameters are varying. There are two modes for the growth of superradiance instability, and four modes for the energy extraction. Our results show the diversity of superradiance in the competition between the regularization parameter and the rotation parameter for rotating regular black holes.