Interpretability of an Interaction Network for identifying $H \rightarrow b\bar{b}$ jets

TL;DR

This paper investigates the interpretability of an Interaction Network model used for identifying Higgs boson decay into bottom quarks, employing explainable AI techniques to understand decision-making and improve model efficiency.

Contribution

The study applies quantitative interpretability methods and Neural Activation Pattern diagrams to analyze and optimize an Interaction Network for particle jet classification.

Findings

NAP diagrams reveal information flow in hidden layers.

Interpretability methods help reoptimize the model.

Insights facilitate hyperparameter tuning.

Abstract

Multivariate techniques and machine learning models have found numerous applications in High Energy Physics (HEP) research over many years. In recent times, AI models based on deep neural networks are becoming increasingly popular for many of these applications. However, neural networks are regarded as black boxes -- because of their high degree of complexity it is often quite difficult to quantitatively explain the output of a neural network by establishing a tractable input-output relationship and information propagation through the deep network layers. As explainable AI (xAI) methods are becoming more popular in recent years, we explore interpretability of AI models by examining an Interaction Network (IN) model designed to identify boosted $H\to b\bar{b}$ jets amid QCD background. We explore different quantitative methods to demonstrate how the classifier network makes its decision based on the inputs and how this information can be harnessed to reoptimize the model-making it simpler yet equally effective. We additionally illustrate the activity of hidden layers within the IN model as Neural Activation Pattern (NAP) diagrams. Our experiments suggest NAP diagrams reveal important information about how information is conveyed across the hidden layers of deep model. These insights can be useful to effective model reoptimization and hyperparameter tuning.