Rapid-scan nonlinear time-resolved spectroscopy over arbitrary delay intervals

TL;DR

This paper introduces a flexible, rapid method for nonlinear time-resolved spectroscopy using femtosecond frequency combs with pulse gating, enabling arbitrary delay intervals for pump-probe experiments without mechanical adjustments.

Contribution

The authors develop a pulse gating technique in a laser amplifier to generate arbitrarily delayed, wavelength-tunable pulse pairs for nonlinear spectroscopy, surpassing previous energy and delay limitations.

Findings

Demonstrated programmable generation of short and long interpulse delays

Achieved direct realization of arbitrary delays in each amplifier shot

Validated the method through chi^(2) and chi^(3) spectroscopy measurements

Abstract

Femtosecond dual-comb lasers have revolutionized linear Fourier-domain spectroscopy by offering a rapid motion-free, precise and accurate measurement mode with easy registration of the combs beat note in the RF domain. Extensions of this technique found already application for nonlinear time-resolved spectroscopy within the energy limit available from sources operating at the full oscillator repetition rate. Here, we present a technique based on time filtering of femtosecond frequency combs by pulse gating in a laser amplifier. This gives the required boost to the pulse energy and provides the flexibility to engineer pairs of arbitrarily delayed wavelength-tunable pulses for pump-probe techniques. Using a dual-channel millijoule amplifier, we demonstrate programmable generation of both extremely short, fs, and extremely long (>ns) interpulse delays. A predetermined arbitrarily chosen interpulse delay can be directly realized in each successive amplifier shot, eliminating the massive waiting time required to alter the delay setting by means of an optomechanical line or an asynchronous scan of two free-running oscillators. We confirm the versatility of this delay generation method by measuring chi^(2) cross-correlation and chi^(3) multicomponent population recovery kinetics.