Deep Composite Face Image Attacks: Generation, Vulnerability and Detection

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel GAN-based method for generating composite face image attacks, creating a large dataset to evaluate their vulnerability to face recognition systems and developing benchmarks for attack detection and perceptual quality.

Contribution

The paper presents a new GAN-based approach for generating composite face attacks, a large dataset of such attacks, and introduces a new metric G-MAP for benchmarking attack potential.

Findings

CFIA samples effectively compromise face recognition systems

The G-MAP metric quantifies attack vulnerability

Detection algorithms show varying success in identifying CFIA

Abstract

Face manipulation attacks have drawn the attention of biometric researchers because of their vulnerability to Face Recognition Systems (FRS). This paper proposes a novel scheme to generate Composite Face Image Attacks (CFIA) based on facial attributes using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). Given the face images corresponding to two unique data subjects, the proposed CFIA method will independently generate the segmented facial attributes, then blend them using transparent masks to generate the CFIA samples. We generate $526$ unique CFIA combinations of facial attributes for each pair of contributory data subjects. Extensive experiments are carried out on our newly generated CFIA dataset consisting of 1000 unique identities with 2000 bona fide samples and 526000 CFIA samples, thus resulting in an overall 528000 face image samples. {{We present a sequence of experiments to benchmark the attack potential of CFIA samples using four different automatic FRS}}. We introduced a new metric named Generalized Morphing Attack Potential (G-MAP) to benchmark the vulnerability of generated attacks on FRS effectively. Additional experiments are performed on the representative subset of the CFIA dataset to benchmark both perceptual quality and human observer response. Finally, the CFIA detection performance is benchmarked using three different single image based face Morphing Attack Detection (MAD) algorithms. The source code of the proposed method together with CFIA dataset will be made publicly available: \url{https://github.com/jagmohaniiit/LatentCompositionCode}