On a Double Series Representation of the Natural Logarithm, the Asymptotic Behavior of H\"older Means, and an Elementary Estimate for the Prime Counting Function

TL;DR

This paper introduces novel number theory results, including a double series for the natural logarithm, analyzes the asymptotic behavior of H"older means, and provides an elementary estimate for the prime counting function, connecting these with the Riemann zeta function.

Contribution

It presents new formulas and insights linking the natural logarithm, H"older means, and prime counting, with proofs involving the Riemann zeta function and its functional equation.

Findings

Double series formula for the natural logarithm involving zeta and binomial coefficients

Asymptotic patterns of H"older means separated by harmonic mean

Harmonic mean analogue of Chebyshev's inequality for prime counting

Abstract

We present many novel results in number theory, including a double series formula for the natural logarithm and a proof concerning the H\"older mean based on the functional equation for the Riemann zeta function. We find a harmonic mean analogue of Chebyshev's inequality for the prime counting function involving the Euler-Mascheroni constant. Furthermore, we define a function taking the H\"older mean of all positive integers up to a given number and investigate its asymptotic behavior, finding two different patterns which are separated by the harmonic mean. Additionally, we discuss the behavior of said function at zero and discover a formula involving the Riemann zeta function, whose continuity we prove with Riemann's functional equation. Inspired by the alternating harmonic series, we find a double series formula for the natural logarithm, resulting in identities involving the Riemann zeta function, binomial coefficients, and logarithms.