Massive Gauge Theory with Quasigluon for Hot $SU(N)$: Phase Transition and Thermodynamics

TL;DR

This paper develops a generalized massive pure Yang-Mills model with a temperature-dependent quasigluon mass to accurately describe the deconfinement phase transition and thermodynamics of hot $SU(N)$ systems across different N.

Contribution

It introduces a temperature-dependent quasigluon mass into the massive PYM model, enabling an effective potential derived from perturbation theory that captures the system's behavior for all N.

Findings

Effective potential describes hot $SU(N)$ thermodynamics

Quasigluon mass $M_g(T)$ exhibits N-universality

Model fits well across all N with a single parameter

Abstract

It is challenging to build a model that can correctly and unifiedly account for the deconfinement phase transition and thermodynamics of the hot $SU(N)$ pure Yang-Mills (PYM) system, for any $N$. In this article, we slightly generalize the massive PYM model to the situation with a quasigluon mass $M_g(T)$ varying with temperature, inspired by the quasigluon model. In such a framework, we can acquire an effective potential for the temporal gauge field background by perturbative calculation, rather than adding by hand. The resulting potential works well to describe the behavior of the hot PYM system for all $N$, via the single parameter $M_g(T)$. Moreover, under the assumption of unified eigenvalue distribution, the $M_g(T)$ fitted by machine learning is found to follow $N$-universality.