Squeezing as a probe of the universality hypothesis

TL;DR

This paper analytically investigates the impact of quantum squeezing on the critical exponents of O(N) scalar field theories, finding that squeezing does not alter the universal critical indices, thus supporting the universality hypothesis.

Contribution

It provides a novel analytical study of quantum squeezing effects on critical exponents using six independent methods, confirming the robustness of the universality hypothesis.

Findings

Squeezing does not change the universal critical exponents.

The results are consistent across six different analytical methods.

Squeezing modifies internal field properties but preserves critical indices.

Abstract

We compute analytically the radiative quantum corrections, up to next-to-leading loop order, to the universal critical exponents for both massless and massive O($N$) $\lambda\phi^{4}$ scalar squeezed field theories for probing the universality hypothesis. For that, we employ six distinct and independent methods. The outcomes for the universal squeezed critical exponents obtained through these methods are identical among them and reduce to the conventional ones where squeezing is absent. Although the squeezing mechanism modifies the internal properties of the field, the squeezed critical indices are not affected by the squeezing effect, thus implying the validity of the universality hypothesis, at least at the loop level considered. At the end, we present the corresponding physical interpretation for the results in terms of the geometric symmetry properties of the squeezed field.