A feasibility study of multi-electrode high-purity germanium detector for Ge-76 neutrinoless double beta decay searching

TL;DR

This study explores the use of neural network and gradient boosting machine techniques to distinguish background events from signal events in multi-electrode high-purity germanium detectors for neutrinoless double beta decay searches, demonstrating promising discrimination efficiency.

Contribution

It introduces a novel pulse-shape analysis method using neural networks and LightGBM for event discrimination in multi-electrode HPGe detectors, advancing background suppression techniques.

Findings

Neural network achieved 77.4% discrimination efficiency.

LightGBM achieved 73.1% discrimination efficiency.

Both methods demonstrate feasibility for future experiments.

Abstract

Experiments to search for neutrinoless double-beta (0{\nu}\b{eta}\b{eta}) decay of 76Ge using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector rely heavily on background suppression technologies to enhance their sensitivities. In this work, we proposed a pulse-shape analysis method based on a neural network (NN) and a light gradient boosting machine (lightGBM; LGB) to discriminate single-electron (background) and double-electrons (0{\nu}\b{eta}\b{eta} signal) events in a multi-electrode HPGe detector. In this paper, we describe a multi-electrode HPGe detector system, a data-processing system, and pulse-shape simulation procedures. We built a fully connected (FC) neural network and an LGB model to classify the single- and double-electron events. The FC network is trained with simulated single- and double-electron-induced pulses and tested in an independent dataset generated by the pulse-shape simulation. The discrimination efficiency of the FC neural network in the test set for the 0{\nu}\b{eta}\b{eta} double-electron events signal was 77.4%, the precision was 57.7%, and the training time was 430 min. The discrimination efficiency of LGB model was 73.1%, the precision was 64.0%, and the training time was 1.5 min. This study demonstrated that it is feasible to realize single- and double-electron discrimination on multi-electrode HPGe detectors using an FC neural network and LGB model. These results can be used as a reference for future 76Ge 0{\nu}\b{eta}\b{eta} experiments.