Collision-induced Hopf-type bifurcation reversible transitions in a dual-wavelength femtosecond fiber laser

TL;DR

This paper investigates how collisions in dual-wavelength femtosecond fiber lasers induce reversible Hopf-type bifurcations in soliton molecules, revealing new dynamical behaviors through real-time spectral measurements and numerical analysis.

Contribution

It uncovers the collision-induced reversible bifurcation transitions in dual-color soliton molecules, a novel insight into the nonlinear dynamics of dissipative systems.

Findings

Reversible transitions from stationary to vibrating soliton molecules during collision.

Collision-induced bifurcation points passively alter soliton states without external control.

Numerical results confirm the universality of the observed bifurcation behavior.

Abstract

Collision refers to a striking nonlinear interaction in dissipative systems, revealing the particle-like properties of solitons. In dual-wavelength mode-locked fiber lasers, collisions are inherent and periodic. However, how collisions influence the dynamical transitions in the dual-wavelength mode-locked state has still not been explored. In our research, dispersion management triggers the complex interactions between solitons in the cavity. We reveal the smooth or reversible Hopf-type bifurcation transitions of dual-color soliton molecules (SMs) during collision by real-time spectral measurement technique of TS-DFT. The reversible transitions from stationary SM to vibrating SM, revealing that cavity parameters pass through a bifurcation point in the collision process without active external intervention. The numerical results confirm the universality of collision-induced bifurcation behavior. These findings provide new insights into collision dynamics in dual-wavelength ultrafast fiber lasers. Furthermore, the study of intermolecular collisions is of great significance for other branches of nonlinear science.