Direct In-Situ Capture, Separation and Visualization of Biological Particles with Fluid-Screen in the Context of Venus Life Finder Mission Concept Study

TL;DR

This paper discusses Fluid-Screen technology's potential for capturing, separating, and visualizing biological particles in Venus' clouds, aiding astrobiological exploration in extreme environments.

Contribution

It introduces Fluid-Screen as a novel dielectrophoretic method for in-situ detection of diverse biological particles in space missions like Venus Life Finder.

Findings

Fluid-Screen can capture diverse biological particles including bacteria and viruses.

It enables direct imaging of particles in their native state.

Potential adaptations for Venus' sulfuric acid environment are discussed.

Abstract

Evidence of chemical disequilibria and other anomalous observations in the Venusian atmosphere motivate the search for life within the planet's temperate clouds. To find signs of a Venusian aerial biosphere, a dedicated astrobiological space mission is required. Venus Life Finder (VLF) missions encompass unique mission concepts with specialized instruments to search for habitability indicators, biosignatures and even life itself. A key in the search for life is direct capture, concentration and visualization of particles of biological potential. Here, we present a short overview of Fluid-Screen (FS) technology, a recent advancement in the dielectrophoretic (DEP) microbial particle capture, concentration and separation. FS is capable of capturing and separating biochemically diverse particles, including multicellular molds, eukaryotic cells, different species of bacteria and even viruses, based on particle dielectric properties. In this short communication, we discuss the possible implementation of Fluid-Screen in the context of the VLF missions, emphasizing the unique science output of the Fluid-Screen instrument. FS can be coupled with other highly sophisticated instruments such as an autofluorescence microscope or a laser desorption mass spectrometer. We discuss possible configurations of Fluid-Screen that upon modification and testing, could be adapted for Venus. We discuss the unique science output of the FS technology that can capture biological particles in their native state and hold them in the focal plane of the microscope for the direct imaging of the captured material. We discuss the challenges for the proposed method posed by the concentrated sulfuric acid environment of Venus' clouds. While Venus' clouds are a particularly challenging environment, other bodies of the solar system, e.g., with liquid water present, might be especially suitable for Fluid-Screen application.