Interpretation of spin-wave modes in Co/Ag nanodot arrays probed by broadband ferromagnetic resonance

TL;DR

This study investigates the magnetization dynamics in Co/Ag nanodots using broadband ferromagnetic resonance, combining experimental data with novel simulations to identify and interpret complex spin-wave modes.

Contribution

It introduces a new frequency domain simulation method and provides detailed interpretation of spin-wave modes in nanodots, aligning theory with experimental results.

Findings

Excellent agreement between calculated and experimental mode frequencies.

Confirmed existence of edge-localized flapping mode below fundamental frequency.

Identified probable mode numbers for higher order spin-wave modes.

Abstract

We present a detailed investigation of the magnetization dynamics in Co/Ag nanodots, which due to their size can support standing spin-wave (SSW) modes with complex spectral responses. To interpret the experimentally measured broadband vector network analyzer ferromagnetic resonance data, we compare the spectra of the nanoarray structure with those of the unpatterned Co/Ag film of identical thickness, which serves as a baseline for obtaining the general magnetic parameters of the system. Using a novel frequency domain, matrix-free simulation method of the dynamic response, we identify the nature of the excitation modes, which allows us to assess the boundary conditions for the nanodots. We find an excellent agreement between the calculated and experimental values for the frequencies of the fundamental (uniform-like) (011) mode. The existence of an edge-localized mode in the experiment has been confirmed and fits very well with theory and micromagnetic simulations, having the form of a flapping mode at the extrema of the nanodot in one of the in-plane directions. Its frequency is below the fundamental mode's frequency and has been shown to be a consequence of the imaginary wave vector for such localized SSW modes. Higher order SSW modes can be generated from the theory, which allows us to find a probable mode number for the second bulk SSW (201 or 221 or 131), which lies at frequencies above the fundamental mode.