Ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts

TL;DR

This paper suggests that gamma-ray bursts are a significant source of ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos, supporting theories of Lorentz and CPT violation in neutrinos, with flux estimates exceeding previous predictions.

Contribution

It provides a new, higher estimate of GRB neutrino flux based on Lorentz violation, aligning with IceCube observations and supporting new physics beyond relativity.

Findings

12 of 24 high-energy neutrino events are associated with GRBs

The estimated neutrino flux is much larger than previous IceCube predictions

Results support Lorentz and CPT violation in neutrino physics

Abstract

Based on recent proposal to associate IceCube TeV and PeV neutrino events with gamma-ray bursts~(GRBs) by considering the Lorentz violation of neutrinos, we provide a new estimate on the GRB neutrino flux and such result is much bigger than previous results by the IceCube Collaboration. Among these 24 neutrino ``shower" events above 60~TeV, 12 events are associated with GRBs. Such result is comparable with the prediction from GRB fireball models. Analysis of track events provide consistent result with the shower events to associate high energy cosmic neutrinos with GRBs under the same Lorentz violation features of neutrinos. We also make a background estimation and reveal GRBs as a significant source for the ultra-high energy IceCube neutrino events. Our work supports the Lorentz violation and $CPT$-violation of neutrinos, indicating new physics beyond relativity.