Production cross-sections of new superheavy elements with Z = 119-120 in fusion-evaporation reactions

TL;DR

This paper systematically calculates production cross sections for superheavy elements Z=119-120 using various fusion-evaporation reactions, predicting optimal conditions and new element synthesis probabilities.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive model-based analysis of fusion reactions for superheavy element production, including the effects of mass asymmetry and isospin, and predicts new element cross sections.

Findings

Ti-induced reactions yield the largest cross-sections.

Predicted cross section for element 120 is up to 1 picobarn.

Optimal projectile-target combinations are proposed for experiments.

Abstract

We have calculated production cross sections of new superheavy elements with atomic number Z=119,120 in the fusion-evaporation reactions of $^{48}$Ca+$^{252}$Es, $^{48}$Ca+$^{257}$Fm, $^{49}$Sc+$^{252}$Es, $^{49}$Sc+$^{251}$Cf, $^{50}$Ti+$^{247}$Bk, $^{50}$Ti+$^{251}$Cf, $^{51}$V+$^{247}$Cm, $^{51}$V+$^{247}$Cf, $^{54}$Cr+$^{243}$Am, $^{54}$Cr+$^{247}$Cm, $^{56}$Mn+$^{244}$Pu, $^{56}$Mn+$^{243}$Am, $^{60}$Fe+$^{237}$Np, $^{60}$Fe+$^{244}$Pu, $^{61}$Co+$^{238}$U, $^{61}$Co+$^{237}$Np, $^{64}$Ni+$^{231}$Pa, $^{64}$Ni+$^{238}$U, $^{65}$Cu+$^{232}$Th, $^{65}$Cu+$^{231}$Pa, and $^{68}$Zn+$^{232}$Th within the dinuclear system model systematically. The inner fusion barriers have been extracted from the driving potential or potential energy surface which could be used to predict the relative fusion probability roughly. The influence of mass asymmetry of the colliding partners on the production of new superheavy elements (SHE) has been investigated systematically. It is found that fusion probability increase along with the increasing mass asymmetry of colliding systems. The Ti-induced reactions have the largest cross-sections of the new SHE. The dependence of production cross-sections of new superheavy elements on the isospin of projectile nuclei has been discussed. The new SHE of $^{289-295}$119 has been predicted as the synthesis cross sections around serval picobarns in the $^{46,48,50,52}$Ti-induced reactions. Production cross-section of the element of $^{295}$120 has been evaluated as large as 1 picobarn in the reactions $^{46}$Ti ($^{251}$Cf, 2n) $^{295}$120 at $E^*$ = 26 MeV. The optimal projectile-target combinations and beam energies for producing new SHE with atomic number Z=119-120 are proposed for the forthcoming experiments.