Gray/dark soliton behavior and population under a symmetric and asymmetric potential trap

TL;DR

This study investigates how Gaussian barrier parameters and potential asymmetry influence the creation, manipulation, and dynamics of gray and dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates within double-well traps.

Contribution

It provides new insights into controlling soliton populations and their oscillations through barrier modifications and asymmetry in double-well potentials.

Findings

Gray soliton population can be tuned by barrier height and width.

Asymmetry in the potential affects the collision point and oscillation of solitons.

Population depends on the coupling strength.

Abstract

We numerically study the impact of Gaussian barrier height and width on the gray solitons population in a symmetric and asymmetric potential trap. The gray solitons are created in a double-well potential by the density engineering method. Two identical Bose-Einstein condensate fragments are confined and made to collide by switching off the Gaussian barrier in a double-well potential. We find that the gray solitons population can be manipulated by Gaussian barrier height and width. We also study the gray solitons population dependence on the coupling strength. Moreover, we also study the impact of an asymmetry present in the double-well potential. We observe that such an asymmetry always swings the point of collision of the gray solitons. Later, a stationary dark soliton is created by the phase imprinting method and we observe that the initial asymmetry in the double-well potential trap sets the dark soliton into oscillation.