Semi-Quantum Random Number Generation

TL;DR

This paper introduces the first semi-quantum protocol for random number generation, providing a security proof and a noise-dependent rate bound, expanding semi-quantum cryptography applications.

Contribution

It demonstrates that quantum random number generation is feasible in semi-quantum settings with limited user capabilities, along with a rigorous security proof.

Findings

Secure semi-quantum random number generation protocol developed

Derived noise-dependent rate bounds for the protocol

Potential applicability to other semi-quantum cryptographic scenarios

Abstract

Semi-quantum cryptography involves at least one user who is semi-quantum or "classical" in nature. Such a user can only interact with the quantum channel in a very restricted way. Many semi-quantum key distribution protocols have been developed, some with rigorous proofs of security. Here we show for the first time, to our knowledge, that quantum random number generation is possible in the semi-quantum setting. We also develop a rigorous proof of security, deriving a bound on the random bit generation rate of the protocol as a function of noise in the channel. Our protocol and proof may be broadly applicable to other quantum and semi-quantum cryptographic scenarios where users are limited in their capabilities.